OS/2 Arsenal/OS2 Arsenal v1.0 (Disc 1)(Arsenal Computer).ISO/os2_inet/tcp20c4.exe/BPUBSC1.ZIP/HELP/tcpglos.hlp

OS/2 Help File | 1994-04-04 | 61KB | 1,924 lines

ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 1. active grab ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A grab in which the pointer or keyboard is owned by the single grabbing client.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 2. adapter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A piece of hardware that connects a computer and an external device.

 2. An auxiliary device or unit used to extend the operation of another system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 3. address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The unique code assigned to each device or workstation connected to a network.
A standard internet address is a 32-bit address field. This field can be broken
into two parts.  The first part contains the network address; the second part
contains the host number.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 4. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A protocol used to dynamically bind an internet address to a hardware address.
ARP is implemented on a single physical network and is limited to networks that
support broadcast addressing.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 5. agent ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

As defined in the SNMP architecture, an agent or an SNMP server is responsible
for performing the network management functions requested by the network
management stations.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 6. AIX ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Advanced Interactive Executive.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 7. American National Standards Institute (ANSI) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An organization consisting of producers, consumers, and general interest groups
that establishes the procedures by which accredited organizations create and
maintain voluntary industry standards in the United States. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 8. ANSI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

American National Standards Institute.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 9. API ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Application program interface.

 2. Application programming interface.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 10. application ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The use to which an information processing system is put; for example, a
payroll application, an airline reservation application, a network application.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 11. application program interface (API) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The formally defined programming-language interface between an IBM system
control program or licensed program and its user.  APIs allow programmers to
use the TCP, UDP, and IP layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 12. argument ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A parameter passed between a calling program and a called program.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 13. ARP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Address resolution protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 14. ASCII (American National Standard Code for Information Interchange) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. The standard code, using a coded character set consisting of 7-bit coded
    characters (8 bits including parity check), used for information
    interchange among data processing systems, data communication systems, and
    associated equipment.  The ASCII set consists of control characters and
    graphic characters.  (A)

 2. The default file transfer type for FTP, used to transfer files that contain
    ASCII text characters.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 15. asynchronous (ASYNC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Pertaining to two or more processes that do not depend upon the occurrences
    of specific events such as common timing signals. (T)

 2. Without regular time relationship; unexpected or unpredictable with respect
    to the execution of program instruction.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 16. attribute ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A characteristic or property.  For example, the color of a line, or the length
of a data field.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 17. authorization ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The right granted to a user to communicate with, or to make use of, a computer
system or service. (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 18. backbone ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In a local area network multiple-bridge ring configuration, a high-speed
    link to which rings are connected by means of bridges.  A backbone can be
    configured as a bus or as a ring.

 2. In a wide area network, a high-speed link to which nodes or data switching
    exchanges (DSES) are connected.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 19. backing stores ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The pixels saved off screen when a server maintains the contents of a window.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 20. batch ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. An accumulation of data to be processed.

 2. A group of records or data processing jobs brought together for processing
    or transmission.

 3. Pertaining to activity involving little or no user action. Contrast with
    interactive.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 21. bit map ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A coded representation in which each bit, or group of bits, represents or
    corresponds to an item; for example, a configuration of    bits in main
    storage in which each bit indicates whether a peripheral    device or a
    storage block is available or in which each group of bits    corresponds to
    one pixel of a display image.

 2. A pixmap with a depth of one bit plane.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 22. block ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A string of data elements recorded, processed, or transmitted as a unit.  The
elements can be characters, words, or physical records.  (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 23. Boolean ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A value of 0 or 1 represented internally in binary notation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 24. boot ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. To prepare a computer system for operation by loading an operating system.

 2. In SAA usage, deprecated term for start up, start the system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 25. bridge ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A router that connects two or more networks and forwards packets among them.
The operations carried out by a bridge are done at the physical layer and are
transparent to TCP/IP and TCP/IP routing.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 26. broadcast ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The simultaneous transmission of data packets to all nodes on a network or
subnetwork.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 27. broadcast address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An address that is common to all nodes on a network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 28. buffer ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A routine or storage used to compensate for a difference in rate of flow
    data, or time of occurrence of events, when transferring data from one
    device to another.

 2. An isolating circuit used to prevent a driven circuit from influencing the
    driving circuit.

 3. To allocate and schedule the use of buffers.

 4. A portion of storage used to put input or output data temporarily.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 29. button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A mechanism on a pointing device, such as a mouse, used to request or initiate
an action.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 30. case-sensitive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A condition in which entries for an entry field must conform to a specific
lowercase, uppercase, or mixed-case format in order to be valid.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 31. CCITT ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Telephonique.  The
International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 32. checksum ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The sum of a group of data associated with the group and used for checking
purposes. (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 33. click ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To press and release the select button on a mouse.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 34. client ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A function that requests services from a server and makes them available to the
user.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 35. client-server relationship ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that provides resources or services to other devices on a network is a
server.  A device that employs the resources provided by a server is a client.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 36. clipboard ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A temporary storage area used for copying and storing data.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 37. color map ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A lookup table in which each index is associated with a red, green, and
    blue value.  Synonymous with color lookup table,  color palette, color
    table.

 2. A set of color cells.  A pixel value indexes the color map to produce
    RGB-intensities.  A color map          consists of a set of entries
    defining color values that, when   associated with a window, is used to
    display the contents of the window.

 3. A lookup table that translates color indexes into RGB triplets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 38. color table ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Synonym for color map


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 39. command ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The name and any parameters associated with an action that can be performed by
a program.  The command is entered by the user; the computer performs the
action requested by the command name.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 40. command interpreter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In the AIX operating system, a program that sends instructions to the kernel.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 41. command operator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A special character that redirects the output of OS/2 commands or programs.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 42. command prompt ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A displayed symbol such as ╨╜C:\Γöÿ that requests input from a user.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 43. communications manager ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A component of OS/2 that allows a workstation to connect to a host computer and
use the host resources as well as the resources of other personal computers to
which the workstation is attached, either directly or through a host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 44. community name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The name of a group of hosts that share SNMP management network information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 45. compile ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. To translate all or part of a program written in a high-level language into
    a machine language program. (T)

 2. To translate a source program into an executable program (an object
    program).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 46. compiler ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A program that translates a source program into an executable program (an
object program).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 47. CONFIG.SYS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A file that contains the configuration options for an OS/2 personal computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 48. configuration file ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

For the base operating system, the CONFIG.SYS file that describes the devices,
system parameters, and resource options of a personal computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 49. connection ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. An association established between functional units for conveying
    information. (I) (A)

 2. The path between two protocol modules that provides reliable stream
    delivery service.  In an internet, a connection extends from a TCP module
    on one machine to a TCP module on the other.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 50. control program (CP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A computer program designed to schedule and to supervise the execution of
    programs of a computer system.  (I) (A)

 2. The part of the AIX Base Operating System that determines the order in
    which the basic functions should be performed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 51. cursor ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In SAA Common User Access Architecture, a visual cue that shows a user
    where keyboard input will appear on the screen.

 2. A pointer, such as an arrowhead, that can be moved about the screen by
    means of an input device, typically a mouse.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 52. daemon ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A background process usually started at system initialization that runs
continuously and performs a function required by other processes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 53. data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In a data station, the equipment that provides the signal conversion and coding
between the data terminal equipment (DTE) and the line.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 54. datagram ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The basic unit of information that is passed across the internet, consisting of
one or more data packets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 55. data set ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The major unit of data storage and retrieval in MVS, consisting of a collection
of data in one of several prescribed arrangements and described by control
information to which the system has access. Synonymous with file in VM and
OS/2.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 56. data terminal equipment (DTE) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

That part of a data station that serves as a data source, data sink, or both.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 57. DCE ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Data circuit-terminating equipment.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 58. default ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A value, attribute or option that is assumed when none is explicitly specified.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 59. destination node ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The node to which a request or data is sent.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 60. directory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A named grouping of files in a file system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 61. Distributed Program Interface (DPI) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The SNMP DPI is a programming interface that provides an extension to the
functions provided by the SNMP agents.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 62. DLL ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Dynamic link library.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 63. DNS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Domain name system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 64. domain ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In an internet, a part of the naming hierarchy.  Syntactically, a domain name
consists of a sequence of names (labels) separated by periods (dots).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 65. domain name system (DNS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A system in which a resolver queries name servers for resource records about a
host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 66. domain name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A name of a host system in a network.  A domain name consists of a sequence of
subnames separated by a delimiter character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 67. DOS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Disk Operating System.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 68. dotted-decimal notation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The syntactic representation for a 32-bit integer that consists of four 8-bit
numbers, written in base 10 and separated by periods (dots).  Many internet
application programs accept dotted-decimal notations in place of destination
machine names.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 69. DPI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Distributed Program Interface.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 70. dragging ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Moving an object on the display screen as if it were attached to the pointer,
or mouse; performed by holding the select button and moving the pointer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 71. drive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The device used to read and write data on disks or diskettes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 72. DTE ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Data terminal equipment. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 73. dynamic ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In programming languages, pertaining to properties that can only be
    established during the execution of a program; for example, the length of a
    variable-length data object is dynamic.

 2. Pertaining to an operation that occurs at the time it is needed rather than
    at a predetermined or fixed time.

 3. Pertaining to events occurring at run time, or during processing.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 74. dynamic link library (DLL) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A module containing dynamic link routines that is linked at load or run time.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 75. EBCDIC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Extended binary-coded decimal interchange code.  A coded character set
consisting of 8-bit coded characters. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 76. encapsulation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A process used by layered protocols in which a lower level protocol accepts a
message from a higher level protocol and places it in the data portion of the
low level frame.  (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 77. entry field ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A panel element, usually highlighted in some manner and usually with its
boundaries indicated, where users type in information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 78. environment variable ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A variable containing information that certain programs or OS/2 needs to
perform such functions as finding files or setting switches. Environment
variables are set in the CONFIG.SYS file or at the OS/2 command prompt.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 79. Ethernet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A local area packet-switched network technology invented in the early 1970s by
Xerox Corporation.  Ethernet uses a Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision
Detection (CSMA/CD) mechanism to send packets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 80. extended binary-coded decimal interchange code (EBCDIC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A coded character set consisting of 256 8-bit coded characters.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 81. eXternal Data Representation (XDR) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A standard developed by Sun Microsystems Incorporated for representing data in
machine-independent format.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 82. FDDI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Fiber Distributed Data Interface.

 2. Fiber Optic Distributed Data Interface.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 83. Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The ANSI standard for high-speed transmission over fiber optic cable.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 84. file ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In VM and OS/2, a named set of records stored or processed as a unit.
Synonymous with data set in MVS.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 85. file allocation table (FAT) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In IBM personal computers, a table used by DOS to allocate space on a disk for
a file and to locate and chain together parts of the file that may be scattered
on different sectors so that the file can be used random or sequential manner.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 86. File Transfer Protocol (FTP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An application protocol used for transferring files to and from host computers.
FTP requires a user ID and possibly a password to allow access to files on a
remote host system.  FTP assumes that the Transmission Control Protocol is the
underlying protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 87. filter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A device or program that separates data, signals or material in accordance
    with specific criteria.

 2. A program that modifies data and writes output data to the display screen
    (the standard output device).

 3. In the AIX operating system, a command that reads standard input data,
    modifies the data, and sends it to the display screen.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 88. font ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A family of characters of a given size and style; for example 9-point
Helvetica.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 89. foreign host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Synonym for remote host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 90. frame ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The portion of a tape on a line perpendicular to the reference edge, on which
binary characters can be written or read simultaneously.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 91. FTP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

File Transfer Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 92. gateway ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A functional unit that interconnects a local data network with another
    network having different protocols.

 2. A host that connects a TCP/IP network to a non-TCP/IP network at the
    application layer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 93. GC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Graphics Context.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 94. Gcontext ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Graphics context.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 95. globbing ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A deprecated term for file name substitution.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 96. glyph ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An image, usually a character, in a font.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 97. graphics context (GC, Gcontext) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In AIX Enhanced X-Windows, the storage area for various kinds of graphics
output, such as foreground pixels, background pixels, line widths, and clipping
regions.  A graphics context can be used only with drawables that have the same
root and the same depth as the graphics context.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 98. handle ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A temporary data representation that identifies a file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 99. header file ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A file that contains constant declarations, type declarations, and variable
    declarations and assignments.  Header files are supplied with all
    programming interfaces.

 2. Synonymous with include file.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 100. hexadecimal ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Pertaining to a numbering system with base of sixteen; valid numbers use the
digits 0 through 9 and characters A through F, where A represents 10 and F
represents 15.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 101. High Performance File System (HPFS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An installable file system (IFS) designed to provide better performance than
the existing file allocation table (FAT) based file system.  HPFS is designed
to provide extremely fast access to very large disk volumes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 102. hop count ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The number of bridges through which a frame passes on the way to its
destination.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 103. host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any system that has at least one Internet address associated with it.  A host
with multiple network interfaces may have multiple Internet addresses
associated with it.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 104. host address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A sequence of numbers punctuated by periods that is used to identify a host in
an internet.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 105. host name ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A nickname that can be used as a substitute for a host address.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 106. HPFS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

High Performance File System.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 107. ICMP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Internet Control Message Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 108. IEEE ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 109. installation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In system development, preparing and placing a functional unit in position
    for use. (T)

 2. A particular computing system, including the work it does and the people
    who manage it, operate it, apply it to the problems, service it, and use
    the results it produces.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 110. Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An electronics industry organization.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 111. integrated services digital network (ISDN) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A digital end-to-end telecommunication network that supports multiple services
including, but not limited to, voice and data.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 112. interactive ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Pertaining to a program or a system that alternately accepts input and then
    responds.  An interactive system is conversational, that is, a continuous
    dialog exists between user and system.  Contrast with batch.

 2. Pertaining to the exchange of information between a user and a computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 113. International Organization for Standardization (ISO) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An organization of national standards bodies from various countries established
to promote development of standards to facilitate international exchange of
goods and services, and develop cooperation in intellectual, scientific,
technological, and economic activity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 114. internet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A wide area network connecting thousands of disparate networks in industry,
education, government, and research.  The Internet network uses TCP/IP as the
standard for transmitting information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 115. internet address ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The unique 32-bit address identifying each node in an internet.  See also
address.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 116. internetwork ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A wide area network connecting more than one network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 117. Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A protocol used by a gateway to communicate with a source host, for example, to
report an error in a datagram.  It is an integral part of the Internet Protocol
(IP).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 118. Internet Protocol (IP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The TCP/IP layer between the higher level host-to-host protocol and the local
network protocols.  IP uses local area network protocols to carry packets, in
the form of datagrams, to the next gateway, router, or destination host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 119. interoperability ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The capability of different hardware and software by different vendors to
effectively communicate together.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 120. IP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Internet Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 121. ISDN ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Integrated services digital network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 122. ISO ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

International Organization for Standardization.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 123. JIS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Japanese Institue of Standards.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 124. Japanese Institute of Standards (JIS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A standard of coding character sets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 125. LAN ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Local area network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 126. LED ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Light-emitting diode.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 127. Line Printer Client (LPR) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A client server that allows the local host to submit a file to be printed on a
remote print server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 128. Line Printer Daemon (LPD) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The remote printer server that allows other hosts to print on a printer local
to your host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 129. Line Printer Protocol ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A TCP/IP protocol used for printing files on printers attached to remote hosts.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 130. local ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In programming language, pertaining to the relationship between a language
    object and a block such that the language object has a scope contained in
    that block. (I)

 2. Pertaining to that which is defined and used only in one subdivision of a
    computer program. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 131. local area network (LAN) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A data network located on the user's premises in which serial transmission is
used for direct data communication among data stations.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 132. local host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In an internet, the computer to which a user's terminal is directly connected
without using the internet.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 133. Local Location Broker (LLB) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In Network Computing System (NCS) Location Broker, a server that maintains
information about objects on the local host and provides the Location Broker
forwarding facility.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 134. local network ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The portion of a network that is physically connected to the host without
intermediate gateways or routers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 135. logical unit (LU) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An entity addressable within an SNA-defined network.  LUs are categorized by
the types of communication they support.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 136. Loopback ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The local loopback interface bypasses the network interface drivers to provide
a direct internal connection back to the local internet protocol support.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 137. LPD ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Line Printer Daemon.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 138. LPR ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A client command that allows the local host to submit a file to be printed on a
remote print server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 139. MAC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Medium access control.

 2. Message authentication code.

 3. Mandatory access control.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 140. management information base (MIB) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A standard used to define SNMP objects, such as packet counts and routing
tables, that are in a TCP/IP environment.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 141. mapping ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The process of relating internet addresses to physical addresses in the
network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 142. MARK ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A Presentation Manager function that marks a section of text to be copied or
cut.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 143. marshall ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To copy data into an RPC packet.  Stubs perform marshalling.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 144. mask ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A pattern of characters used to control retention or elimination of
    portions of another pattern of characters.

 2. To use a pattern of characters to control retention or elimination of
    another pattern of characters.

 3. A pattern of characters that controls the keeping, deleting, or testing of
    portions of another pattern of characters.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 145. Mb ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Megabyte


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 146. megabyte (Mb) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A unit of measure for storage capacity.  One megabyte equals 1,048,576
    bytes.

 2. Loosely, one million bytes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 147. medium access control (MAC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The method used by network adapters to determine which adapter has access to
the physical network at a given time.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 148. menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A type of panel that consists of one or more selection fields.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 149. menu bar ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The highlighted area at the top of the panel that contains the choices
currently available in the application program that a user is running.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 150. menu item ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A selection item on a pull-down menu.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 151. MIB ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Management information base.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 152. modem (modulator/demodulator) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that converts digital data from a computer to an analog signal that
can be transmitted on a telecommunications line, and converts the analog signal
received to data for the computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 153. Motif ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

See OSF/Motif.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 154. mouse ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A device that is used to move a pointer on the screen and select items.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 155. multicast ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The simultaneous transmission of data packets to a group of selected nodes on a
network or subnetwork.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 156. Multiple Virtual Storage (MVS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

See MVS.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 157. multitasking ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A mode of operation that provides for the concurrent performance or interleaved
execution of two or more tasks.  (I) (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 158. MVS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Multiple virtual storage.  Implies MVS/370, the MVS/XA╨╜&ibmtm.Γöÿ product,
    and the MVS/ESA╨╜&ibmtm.Γöÿ product.

 2. Multiple Virtual Storage, consisting of MVS/System Product Version 1 and
    the MVS/370 Data Facility Product operating on a System/370╨╜&ibmtm.Γöÿ
    processor.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 159. name server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A host that provides name resolution for a network.  Name servers translate
symbolic names assigned to networks and hosts into the Internet addresses used
by machines.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 160. NDIS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Network Driver Interface Specification.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 161. NetView ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A System 370-based, IBM-licensed program used to monitor, manage, and diagnose
the problems of a network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 162. network ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An arrangement of nodes and connecting branches. (T) Connections are made
between data stations.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 163. network adapter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A physical device, and its associated software, that enables a processor or
controller to be connected to a network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 164. network administrator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The person responsible for the installation, management, control, and
configuration of a network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 165. Network Control Program (NCP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An IBM-licensed program that provides communication controller support for
single-domain, multiple-domain, and interconnected network capability.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 166. Network Driver Interface Specification (NDIS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An industry-standard specification used by applications as an interface with
network adapter device drivers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 167. network elements ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

As defined in the SNMP architecture, network elements are gateways, routers,
and hosts that contain management agents responsible for performing the network
management functions requested by the network management stations.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 168. Network File System (NFS) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The NFS protocol, which was developed by Sun Microsystems Incorporated, allows
computers in a network to access each other's file systems.  Once accessed, the
file system appears to reside on the local host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 169. network management stations ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

As defined in the SNMP architecture, network management stations, or SNMP
clients, execute management applications that monitor and control network
elements.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 170. NFS ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Network File System.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 171. node ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In a network, a point at which one or more functional units connect
    channels or data circuits. (I)

 2. In a network topology, the point at an end of a branch.  (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 172. octal ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Pertaining to a selection choice or condition that has eight possible different
values or states.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 173. octet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A byte that consists of 8 bits. (T)

 2. A byte composed of eight binary elements.  (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 174. open systems interconnection (OSI) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. The interconnection of open systems in accordance with standards of the
    International Organization of Standardization (ISO) for the exchange of
    information. (T) (A)

 2. The use of standardized procedures to enable the interconnection of data
    processing systems.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 175. OS/2 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Operating System/2.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 176. OSF/Motif ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

OSF/Motif is an X Window System toolkit defined by Open Software Foundation,
Inc. (OSF), which enables the application programmer to include standard
graphic elements that have a 3-D appearance. Performance of the graphic
elements is increased with gadgets and windowless widgets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 177. OSI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Open Systems Interconnection.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 178. packet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The unit of data passed across the interface between the Internet layer and the
link layer.  A packet includes an IP header and data.  A packet can be a
complete IP datagram. See also datagram.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 179. parameter ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A variable that is given a constant value for a specified application.  (I) (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 180. parse ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

To analyze the operands entered with a command and create a parameter list in
the command processor from the information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 181. passive grab ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A grab that activates when the key or button is pressed.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 182. path ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The course or route of drives and subdirectories leading from the root
directory and drive of an operating system to where files or data information
are stored.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 183. pattern-matching character ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A special character such as an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?.) that can be
used to represent one or     more characters.                             Any
character or set of characters can replace a pattern-matching character.
Synonymous with global character, wildcard character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 184. PDU ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Protocol data unit.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 185. peer ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. In network architecture, any functional unit that resides in the same layer
    as another entity. (T)

 2. A corresponding node or entity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 186. picture-element (pel, pixel) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In computer graphics, the smallest element of a display surface that can be
independently assigned color and intensity.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 187. ping ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The command that sends an ICMP Echo Request packet to a gateway, router, or
host with the expectation of receiving a reply.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 188. pixel ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Picture element.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 189. pixmap ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A data type to which icons, originally created as bitmaps, are converted.
    After this conversion, the appropriate AIXwindows* subroutines can generate
    pixmaps through references to default file, by name, and through an
    argument list, by pixmap.

 2. Synonym for pixel map.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 190. PM ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Presentation Manager.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 191. PMANT ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In OS/2, the 3270 client terminal emulation program started by the pmant
command.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 192. polling ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. On a multiport connection or a point-to-point connection, the process
    whereby data stations are invited one at a time to transmit.

 2. Interrogation of devices for such purposes as to avoid contention, to
    determine operational status, or to determine readiness to send or receive
    data.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 193. port ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A 16-bit number used to communicate  between TCP and a higher-level
    protocol or application.  Some protocols such as File Transfer Protocol
    (FTP) and the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), use the same port
    number in all TCP/IP implementations.  See also well-known port.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 194. PORTMAP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

See Portmapper.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 195. Portmapper ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A program that maps client programs to the port numbers of server programs.
Portmapper is used with Remote Procedure Call (RPC) programs.  Portmapper is a
trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 196. PostScript ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A standard that defines how text and graphics are presented on printers and
display devices.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 197. Presentation Manager (PM) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A component of OS/2 that provides a complete graphics-based user interface,
with pull-down windows, menu bars, and layered menus.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 198. process ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A unique, finite course of events defined by its purpose or by its effect,
    achieved under defined conditions.

 2. Any operation or combination of operations on data.

 3. A function being performed or waiting to be performed.

 4. A program in operation; for example, a daemon is a system process that is
    always running on the system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 199. protocol ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A set of semantic and syntactic rules that determines the behavior of
functional units in achieving communication. (I) Protocols can determine
low-level details of machine-to-machine interfaces, such as the order in which
bits from a byte are sent; they can also determine high-level exchanges between
application programs, such as file transfer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 200. protocol data unit (PDU) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A unit of data specified in a protocol of a given layer and consisting of
protocol control information of this layer, and possibly user data of this
layer. (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 201. protocol suite ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A set of protocols that cooperate to handle the transmission tasks for a data
communication system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 202. pull-down menu ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An extension of the action bar that displays a list of choices available for a
selected menu bar choice.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 203. push button ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A round-cornered rectangle with text inside, used in windows for actions that
occur immediately when the push button is selected.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 204. quark ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In AIXwindows, a synonym for string.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 205. recursion ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A performance of an operation in several steps, with each step using the output
of the preceding step.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 206. reduced instruction-set computer (RISC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A computer that uses a small, simplified set of frequently used instructions
for rapid execution.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 207. Remote Execution Protocol (REXEC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A protocol that allows the execution of a command or program on a foreign host.
The local host receives the results of the command execution.  This protocol
uses the rexec command.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 208. remote host ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any host on a network except the one at which a particular operator is working.
Synonymous with foreign host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 209. remote logon ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The process by which a terminal user establishes a terminal session with a
remote host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 210. Remote Procedure Call (RPC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A facility that a client uses to request the execution of a procedure call from
a server.  This facility includes a library of procedures and an eXternal data
representation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 211. Request For Comments (RFC) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A series of documents that covers a broad range of topics affecting
internetwork communication.  Some RFCs are established as Internet standards.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 212. resource records ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Individual records of data used by the domain name system.  Examples of
resource records include the following: a host's Internet Protocol addresses,
preferred mail addresses, and aliases.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 213. return code ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A code used to influence the execution of succeeding instructions.

 2. A value returned to a program to indicate the results of an operation
    requested by that program.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 214. REXEC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Remote Execution Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 215. RFC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Request For Comments.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 216. RGB ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. Color coding in which the brightness of the additive primary colors of
    light, red, green, and blue, are specified as three distinct values of
    light.

 2. Pertaining to a color display that accepts signals representing red, green,
    and blue.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 217. RIP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Routing information protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 218. RISC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Reduced instruction-set computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 219. Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The protocol that maintains routing table entries for gateways, routers, and
hosts.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 220. routing table ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A table that holds a list of valid paths through which hosts can communicate
with other hosts.  The routing table can hold static routes and dynamic routes.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 221. RPC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Remote Procedure Call.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 222. save unders ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A technique of saving a screen image under a window so that, when that window
is moved the screen image is restored.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 223. secondary window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A movable window, fixed in size, which provides information that is required by
an application to continue your request.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 224. semantic ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. The relationship of characters or groups of characters to their meanings,
    independent of the manner of their interpretation and use.

 2. The relationships between symbols and their meanings.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 225. SENDMAIL ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The OS/2 mail server that uses Simple Mail Transfer Protocol to route mail from
one host to another host on the network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 226. serial line ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A network media that is a de facto standard, not an international standard,
commonly used for point-to-point TCP/IP connections. Generally, a serial line
consists of an RS-232 connection into a modem and over a telephone line.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 227. server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A functional unit that provides shared services to workstations over a
    network; for example, a file server, a print server, a mail server. (T)

 2. In a network, a data station that provides facilities to other stations;
    for example, a file server, a print server, a mail server. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 228. shell prompt ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In the AIX operating system, the character string on the command line
indicating that the system can accept a command (typically      the $
character).


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 229. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A TCP/IP application protocol used to transfer mail between users on different
systems.  SMTP specifies how mail systems interact and the format of control
messages they use to transfer mail.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 230. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A protocol that allows network management by elements, such as gateways,
routers, and hosts.  This protocol provides a means of communication between
network elements regarding network resources.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 231. SMI ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Structure for Management Information.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 232. SMTP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 233. SNA ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Systems Network Architecture.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 234. SNMP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Simple Network Management Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 235. SOA ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Start of Authority Record.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 236. socket ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. An endpoint for communication between processes or applications.

 2. A pair consisting of TCP port and IP address, or UDP port and IP address.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 237. SQL ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Structured query language.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 238. standard output (STDOUT) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The primary destination of data coming from a command. Standard output goes to
the display unless redirection or piping is used, in which case standard input
can be go to a file or the output from another command.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 239. standard output device ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A display screen.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 240. Start of Authority Record (SOA) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In the Domain Name System, the resource record that defines a zone.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 241. STARTUP.CMD file ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A batch file that runs selected programs automatically when booting an OS/2
workstation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 242. stream ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A continuous sequence of data elements being transmitted, or intended for
transmission, in character or binary-digit form, using a defined format.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 243. Structured Query Language (SQL) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A fourth generation English-like programming language used to perform queries
on relational databases.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 244. stub ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A program module that transfers remote procedure calls and responses
    between a client and a server.  Stubs perform marshalling, unmarshalling
    and data format conversion.  Both clients and servers have stubs.  The NIDL
    compiler generates client and server stub code from an interface
    definition.

 2. Hooking functions used as extensions to the protocol to generate protocol
    requests for X Window System.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 245. subdirectory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A directory contained within another directory in a file system hierarchy.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 246. subnet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A networking scheme that divides a single logical network into smaller physical
networks to simplify routing.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 247. subnet mask ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A bit template that identifies to the TCP/IP protocol code the bits of the host
address that are to be used for routing to specific subnets.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 248. subnetwork ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Any group of nodes that have a set of common characteristics, such as the same
network ID.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 249. SYNC ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Synchronous.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 250. Systems Network Architecture (SNA) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The description of the logical structure, formats, protocols, and operational
sequences for transmitting information units through, and controlling the
configuration and operation of, networks.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 251. TALK ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An interactive messaging system that sends messages between the local host and
a foreign host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 252. task manager ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The OS/2 function that controls the starting and stopping of programs,
including shutting down the system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 253. TCP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Transmission Control Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 254. TCP/IP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 255. Telnet ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The Terminal Emulation Protocol, a TCP/IP application protocol for remote
connection service.  Telnet allows a user at one site to gain access to a
foreign host as if the user's terminal were connected directly to that foreign
host.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 256. terminal ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A functional unit in a system or communication network at which data may
    enter or leave. (T)

 2. A point in a system or communication network at which data can either enter
    or leave. (A)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 257. terminal emulator ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A program that allows a device such as a microcomputer or personal computer to
operate as if it were a particular type of terminal linked to a processing unit
and to access data.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 258. TFTP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Trivial File Transfer Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 259. Time Sharing Option (TSO) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An operating system option; for System/370, the option provides interactive
time sharing from remote terminals.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 260. time stamp ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. To apply the current system time.

 2. The value of an object that is an indication of the system time at some
    critical point in the history of the object.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 261. TN3270 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

TN3270

An informally defined protocol for transmitting 3270 data streams over Telnet.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 262. token ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In a local network, the symbol of authority passed among data stations to
indicate the station temporarily in control of the transmission medium.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 263. token ring ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A network with a ring topology that passes tokens from one attaching device to
another; for example, the IBM Token-Ring Network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 264. token-ring network ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A ring network that allows unidirectional data transmission between data
    stations, by a token-passing procedure over one transmission medium, so
    that the transmitted data returns to the transmitting station.  (T)

 2. A network that uses a ring topology, in which tokens are passed in a
    circuit from node to node.  A node that is ready to send can capture the
    token and insert data for transmission.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 265. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The TCP/IP layer that provides reliable process-to-process data stream delivery
between nodes in interconnected computer networks.  TCP assumes that IP
(Internet Protocol) is the underlying protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 266. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A suite of protocols designed to allow communication between networks
regardless of the technologies implemented in each network.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 267. trap ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An unprogrammed conditional jump to a specified address that is automatically
activated by hardware.  A recording is made of the location from which the jump
occurred. (I)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 268. Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A TCP/IP application primarily used to transfer files among personal computers.
TFTP allows files to be sent and received, but it does not provide any password
protection or directory capability.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 269. TSO ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Time Sharing Option.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 270. UDP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

User Datagram Protocol.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 271. UID ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

User number.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 272. UNIX ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An operating system developed by Bell Laboratories that features
multiprogramming in a multi-user environment.  The UNIX operating system was
originally developed for use on minicomputers but has been adapted for use on
mainframes and microcomputers.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 273. user ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A function that utilizes the services provided by a server.  A host can be a
user and a server at the same time.  See client.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 274. User Datagram Protocol (UDP) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A packet-level protocol built directly on the IP layer.  UDP is used for
application to application programs between TCP/IP hosts.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 275. user number (UID) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

In the AIX operating system, a number that uniquely identifies a user to the
system.  It is the internal number associated with a user ID.  Synonymous with
unmask.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 276. virtual machine (VM) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

 1. A virtual data processing system that appears to be at the exclusive
    disposal of a particular user, but whose functions are accomplished by
    sharing the resources of a real data processing system.  (T)

 2. A system in which each user appears to have his own computer and
    input/output devices.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 277. Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An IBM -licensed program that controls communication and the flow of data in an
SNA network.  It provides single-domain, multiple-domain, and interconnected
network capability.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 278. VM ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Virtual machine.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 279. VM/SP ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Virtual Machine/System Product.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 280. VTAM ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Virtual Telecommunications Access Method.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 281. well-known port ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A port number that has been preassigned for specific use by a specific protocol
or application.  Clients and servers using the same protocol communicate over
the same well-known port.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 282. wide area network (WAN) ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A network that provides communication services to a geographic area larger than
that served by a local area network or a metropolitan area network, and that
may use or provide public communication facilities. (T)


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 283. widget ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The basic data type of the X Window System Client.  Every widget belongs to a
widget class that contains the allowed operations for that corresponding class.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 284. wildcard character ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Synonym for pattern-matching character.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 285. window ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An area of the screen with visible boundaries within which information is
displayed.  A window can be smaller than or the same size as the screen.
Windows can appear to overlap on the screen.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 286. working directory ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The directory in which an application program is found.  The working directory
becomes the current directory when the application is started.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 287. workstation ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Personal computer.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 288. X.25 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A CCITT Recommendation that defines the physical level (physical layer), link
level (data link layer), and packet level (network layer) of the OSI reference
model.  An X.25 network is an interface between data terminal equipment (DTE)
and data circuit-terminating equipment (DCE) operating in the packet mode, and
connected to public data networks by dedicated circuits.  X.25 networks use the
connection mode network service.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 289. X Client ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An application program which uses the X protocol to communicate windowing and
graphics requests to an X Server.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 290. X Server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A program which interprets the X protocol and controls one or more screens, a
pointing device, a keyboard, and various resources associated with the X Window
System, such as Graphics Contexts, Pixmaps, and color tables.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 291. X Window System ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

The X Window System is a protocol designed to support network transparent
windowing and graphics.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 292. X Window System API ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An application program interface designed as a distributed,
network-transparent, device-independent, windowing and graphics system.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 293. X Window System client ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

An application that depends on an X Window System server to provide
shared-window, mouse, and keyboard services to users.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 294. X Window System server ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

A server that enables a workstation to display and control X Window System
client applications that run on the local host or on remote hosts.  It provides
shared-window, mouse, and keyboard services to users.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 295. X Window System toolkit ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Functions for developing application environments.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 296. XDR ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

eXternal Data Representation.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 297. 3270 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

Refers to a series of IBM display device; for example, the IBM 3275, 3276
Controller Display Station, 3277, 3278, and 3279 Display Stations, the 3290
Information Panel, and the 3287 and 3286 printers. A specific device type is
used only when a distinction is required between device types.  Information
about display terminal usage also refers to the IBM 3138, 3148, and 3158
Display Consoles when used in display mode, unless otherwise noted.


ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ 298. 8232 ΓòÉΓòÉΓòÉ

IBM LAN Station.